indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to congratulate; to celebrate
social gathering; get-together; (friendly) meeting
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
estimate (of costs); budget
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
cooking; cookery; cuisine; dealing with something; handling; administration
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to be needed; to be wanted
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
circumstances; condition; to arrange; to manage; to lend money; to raise money
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
schedule; program; programme; agenda
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
area; vicinity; side; edge; circumstances
contacting; (making) contact; connection (with a train, bus, etc.); joining (a railway line, etc.); connection (between matters, incidents, etc.); relation
that's good; that's nice; like (on social media); is that clear?; OK?
enjoyment; pleasure; diversion; anticipation; looking forward to
adds force or indicates command
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
new face; newcomer; rookie; modern humans (from Cro-Magnon man onwards)
way to use something; treatment; management (of help)
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
business trip; official trip
fortune-telling; divination
I'm off; see you later; to go (and then come back)
what the?; what's that?; what are you doing?; what's going on?
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to see (a doctor, etc.); to consult (someone)
secret; secrecy; mystery; secret (e.g. to success); esoteric teachings