honorific/polite/humble prefix
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
than; from; out of; except; but; more
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
master and servant; lord and retainer; employer and employee
contract; compact; agreement
ceremony; rite; ritual; service
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
listen!; you see; mind you; remember
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
shape; form; appearance; state; situation; suitable
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to lose; to be defeated; to succumb; to give in; to be inferior to; to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready; laying out (e.g. a meal)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
to respond; to answer; to meet (e.g. demands, expectations); to affect; to take a toll; to strike home
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
you're lying; yeah, right; liar; fibber
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
to turn toward; to look (up, down, etc.); to face (e.g. east) (of a building, window, etc.); to look out on; to point (of an arrow, compass needle, etc.); to be suited to
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
second (unit of time); arc second
within; inside of; less than
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
one thin flat object; one sheet
apiece; each; at a time; piecemeal
to take off (clothes, shoes, etc.); to undress
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you
well then ...; in that situation; in which case