today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
that way; that direction; there; that (one); you; your family
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
in that way; thus; so; so?
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
appointment; rendezvous; date
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
telephone call; phone call; telephone (device); phone
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
it does not mean that ...; I don't mean that ...; it is not the case that
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
advertisement; advertising; announcement; notice
several; a number of; quantity; amount; counting; figures; number
as one would expect; just as you'd expect (from); still; all the same; even ... (e.g. "even a genius")
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
head; chief; merit; strong point; superiority; major
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else