television; TV; TV program; TV programme; TV broadcast
wind; breeze; manner; behaviour; cold; influenza
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
first (of all); firstly; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
sorting; arrangement; liquidation; settlement; retrenchment; curtailment
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
bamboo shoots boiled, sliced, fermented, dried or preserved in salt, then soaked in hot water and sea salt
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
this world; this life; world of the living
regret; flesh, blood vessels and fat from around chicken heart (usu. served as yakitori)
attaining Buddhahood; becoming a Buddha; entering Nirvana; going to heaven; resting in peace; dying (peacefully)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
valid; proper; right; appropriate; reasonable
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
heh heh heh; tee-hee; giggle
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
to apologize; to apologise
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
to bow; to bow one's head; to apologize; to apologise; to bow to; to yield to
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence