oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
as usual; as always; as before; as ever; still
economic slump; hard times; poor (business); dull; gloomy; cheerless
store; shop; establishment; restaurant
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
prosperity; flourishing; thriving
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
custom; practice; said; aforementioned; instance; example
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
photograph; photo; picture; moving picture; movie
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
successor machine; later model
correspondence (to); equivalence; suitability; coordination; dealing with; coping with
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
R; r; radius; curve; nth year in the Reiwa era (May 1, 2019-); refrigerator
pronunciation; production of sound
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
meaning; significance; sense
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
rich (taste); full-bodied (flavour, flavor); mellow; laid-back (lifestyle); relaxed; comfortable
system; lineage; corollary; system (range of strata that correspond to a particular time period); (taxonomical) series
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all