indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
kokkuri; divination technique similar to table turning and planchette
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
check (pattern); ichimatsu doll
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
please (give me); please (do for me)
doing; in such a state; doing together; doing to each other; familiarizing suffix (sometimes meaning "small")
young bird; chick; fledgling; hina doll; doll displayed during the Girls' Festival
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
fox (esp. the red fox, Vulpes vulpes); fox (i.e. a sly person); soba or udon topped with deep-fried tofu; light brown; golden brown
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
dog (Canis (lupus) familiaris); squealer; rat; loser; asshole; counterfeit
adds force or indicates command
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something