indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
true character; true form; true colors; consciousness; one's senses
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
release (of information, documents, etc.); disclosure; display; discovery
via; through; by doing; by means of; using
well, ...; right, ...; so; then; that way (would mean ...); if that is the case
more and more; all the more; at last; finally; (at the) last moment; worst possible time
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to put an end (to); to bring to an end; to close the books (on); (lit.) to put a period (at the end of a sentence)
to decide to; to pretend that; to make a practice of doing; to make it a rule to
(one's) older brother; lad; sonny
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
suffix for familiar person
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
treating someone like a child
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
smart-alecky; clever-clever; cheeky; cunning; crafty; shrewd
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
particular; hard to please; fussy
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
I; me; you; (arch.) manservant
companions; friends; comrades; mates; partners
episode; anecdote; vignette; episode
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to feel irritated; to feel offended; to feel angry; to feel sick; to feel nauseous
fragment; broken piece; one of the same group; accomplice; one of a pair; counterpart
below; down; bottom; beneath; underneath; just after; right after
junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
second-year student; second-year pupil; biennial; biennial plant