indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
right; correct; proper; righteous; just
suffix for familiar person
first of all; at once; for now; for the time being; anyway; at least
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
biography of a brave fighter; heroic saga; chivalric romance; tale of one's heroism; episode of bravery; acts of violence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
I; me; you; (arch.) manservant
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to receive; to take; to get someone to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
Mr; master; Ms; miss; (arch.) sir; (arch.) madam
sure; certain; reliable; trustworthy; If I'm not mistaken; If I remember correctly
father; dad; husband; you (of an elderly person older than the speaker); he
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to strike; to hit; to attack; to bash; to sound out (someone's views); to pound (meat or fish); to chop into small pieces
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
to get angry; to get mad; to lose one's temper; to scold; to tell (someone) off
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
depending on the situation; should time and circumstances permit