indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
reasoning; inference; deduction; mystery or detective genre
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
possibly; apparently; (seem) likely; somehow or other; with difficulty; barely
another person; other people; unrelated person (i.e. not related by blood); outsider; stranger
intent to kill; intent to murder; urge to kill; murderous impulse
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to use; to make use of; to utilize; to utilise
offender; criminal; culprit
to catch; to capture; to catch hold of (someone); to stop (e.g. a stranger in the street); towards (someone); at (someone)
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
strange; odd; peculiar; queer; curious
search (esp. in criminal investigations); investigation; inquiry; enquiry
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
cooperation; collaboration
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
tuft (of hair, threads, etc.); fringe; bunch (of grapes, bananas, etc.); cluster (of flowers); segment (of a tangerine, etc.); section
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
the other day; lately; recently
facing; opposite; across the street; other side
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
dying; death; dead; useless; damned
to guide; to lead; to show the way; to derive; to deduce
he; she; that person; that; that one; that thing
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
profound; deep; deep (of a cave, etc.); innermost; interior
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
secret; secrecy; mystery; secret (e.g. to success); esoteric teachings
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)