jpdb beta

tsk; tut; shoot; chirp

1

now; the present time; just now; another; more

3

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

42

who

4

be; is; did; (have) done; please; do

20

hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo

13

(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least

1

to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise

11

at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for

33

to go out and away; to leave

1

don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...

13

just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...

3

abruptly; suddenly; all of a sudden; without warning

1

this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")

11

class

2

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

29

to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience

6

to run away; to flee; to make off; to start to run away

1

indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!

5

how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way

1

I; me

9

direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)

2

while; during; while; although; all; both

2

very; extremely; that is

2

seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!

7

I; me

4

too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as

17

seeing for the first time; first sight; first meeting; sight-reading

1

indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

54

to feel nervous; to feel afraid; to be startled; to be surprised; (arch.) to be shy; (arch.) to be bashful

2

and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing

3

that; those; the

1

reaction; response

1

at; in; at; when; by; with; and then

9

sentence-ending particle expressing doubt

1

what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few

5

then; well; so; be; is

5

state of affairs (around you); situation; circumstances

1

you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...

5

in high spirits

1

was; were

3

isn't it?; let's ...; why don't we ...; how about we ...

5

in that way; thus; so; so?

7

adds force or indicates command

5

to be late; to be delayed; to fall behind (in a race, one's studies, etc.); to lag behind; to be bereaved of; to be preceded by (someone) in death

1

to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become

6

noisy; boisterous; turbulent (era, etc.); troubled

1

huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!

1

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)

34

to strike; to clap; to play drums; to abuse; to bash; to consult; to sound out

1