year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
giant; great man; Tokyo Giants (baseball team)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
by means of; due to; because of; according to
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
everyday; daily; ordinary; usual; routine; regular
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
wall; partition; barrier; obstacle; Chinese "Wall" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
destruction; disruption; (application) crash
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
again; once more; a second time
trampling down; overrunning; infringement; violation
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
Mary (mother of Jesus); the Virgin Mary; Mary (of Magdala); Mary Magdalene
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
abandonment; renunciation; resignation; abdication (responsibility, right)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
dominion; territory; possession
to lose; to miss (a change, opportunity); to lose (a loved one); to be bereaved of; to concede (goals, points, etc.)
activity (of a person, organization, animal, volcano, etc.); action; movie (esp. during the silent movie period)
area; domain; territory; field; range; region
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
retreat; falling back; recession; waning; backspace (key)
slow; time-consuming; late (in the day); towards the end (of the day or night); later (than expected or usual); late
adds force or indicates command
to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
blockhead; dunce; dimwit; dolt; slowcoach; slowpoke
first-person plural (or singular); second or third person plural (implies speaker is of higher status than those referred to)
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
to be late; to be delayed; to fall behind (in a race, one's studies, etc.); to lag behind; to be bereaved of; to be preceded by (someone) in death
you; you bastard; you son of a bitch; (arch.) you
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
heavy; weighty; heavy (feeling); depressed; slow; sluggish; important (position, responsibility, etc.)