indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
good-natured person; good person; (one's) lover; boyfriend; girlfriend
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
for now; for the time being; for the present; though not quite satisfactorily; after a fashion
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
bet; wager; stake; gamble
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to wager; to bet; to risk; to stake; to gamble
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
giant; great man; Tokyo Giants (baseball team)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
person; character; one's character; one's personality; able person; talented person
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to discover; to find (e.g. an error in a book); to locate; to find (e.g. something missing); to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
older brother; elder brother
slow; time-consuming; late (in the day); towards the end (of the day or night); later (than expected or usual); late
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
meeting; greeting; welcome
body; group; party; company; troupe
previously; before; first; before (something or someone else); beforehand; in advance
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
large part; greater part; people in general; general public; mostly; for the most part
damn; damn it; feces; excrement; damn; damned; very
very; considerably; by no means; not readily; middle; half-way point
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be bothered; to be inconvenienced; to be badly off; to be hard up
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
leading private (Imperial Japanese Army); leading seaman (Imperial Japanese Navy)