prefix for forming ordinal numbers
counter for occurrences; a time; an instance; inning (baseball); round; episode; chapter
outside a wall; beyond a wall; extramural
investigation; examination; inquiry; enquiry; survey
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
start; commencement; beginning; initiation
advance; moving forward; progress
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
route; path; channel (e.g. sales, distribution)
to feel around for; to fumble for; to investigate; to probe into; to explore (parts unknown); to enjoy (natural beauty)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
departure; leaving; setting off
group; body; party; company; troupe; gang
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
in the same way; like; likewise; similarly
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
change; variation; variety; diversity; inflection; declension
be considered; be deemed; be thought to be
giant; great man; Tokyo Giants (baseball team)
encounter; running into; meeting with (e.g. an accident); being confronted with (e.g. a difficulty)
eccentricity; eccentric behaviour
cause; seed; variety; kind; counter for varieties
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
to put on; to wear; to be clothed in; to be clad in; to be dressed in; to be wrapped in
in succession; one by one
to fall (over, down); to collapse; to be destroyed (in a collapse); to collapse; to be confined to bed (with an illness); to come down with; to die
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
(not) anyone; (not) a single person; no one; nobody
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
meaning; significance; sense
understanding; comprehension; appreciation; sympathy
as (it is); remaining (in a state); with (e.g. one's eyes closed, the light on); while (e.g. standing, alive); as (one pleases, one is told, etc.); according to
to run into (room, building, etc.); to go for long training runs
group; party; team; squad; section
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
he; she; that guy; that; that one; that thing
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade