goal; basket (basketball); finishing line; Gaul
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
remnant; residue; remaining; left-over
metre; meter; meter; gauge
until then; till then; to that extent; the end of it; all there is to it
he; she; this; this one; Hey, you!; You bastard!
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to keep within limits (e.g. spending); to restrain (e.g. emotions); to control; to hold back (e.g. an enemy); to check; to curb
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
in that way; thus; so; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
victory; triumph; conquest; success; win
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
with the exception of; excepting; excluding
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
interest (in something); curiosity (about something); zest (for)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to advance; to go forward; to precede; to go ahead (of); to make progress; to improve; to deepen
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
true; real; genuine; proper; utter
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to fall down; to drop; to be omitted; to be missing; to decrease; to sink; to fail (e.g. exam or class)
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
down-train; train heading toward the ending point of its route; down-slope; downward going; downbound (esp. away from Tokyo); downstream
right; right-hand side; afore-mentioned (esp. in vertical Japanese writing); foregoing; forgoing
curve; turn; curveball; curve ball; (wine) cellar
this time; now; next time; another time; recently; lately