mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
entrance; entry; gate; approach; mouth
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
remnant; residue; remaining; left-over
kilo-; 1000; kilogram; kilogramme; kilometre; kilometer
to succeed; to relieve; to take the place of; to substitute for; to be exchanged; to change (places with)
impregnable castle; inner castle citadel; golden castle (nickname for Nagoya Castle)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
for a moment; for a minute; for a while; for some time; for the time being; for now
foot; paw; leg; gait; pace; bottom structural component (i.e. radical) of a kanji; means of transportation
to be absent; to take a day off; to rest; to have a break; to go to bed; to (lie down to) sleep
to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to catch up (with); to draw level; to pull even; to be compensated; to make up for one's losses
point; tip; head (of a line); front; first; before; (the way) ahead
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
interval; period of time; among; between; good opportunity; chance
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
even; flat; level; calm; peaceful; uneventful
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
goal; basket (basketball); finishing line; Gaul
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
incredible; unbelievable; terrific; impressive
to pull; to tug; to draw (attention, sympathy, etc.); to attract (e.g. interest); to draw back (e.g. one's hand); to draw in (one's chin, stomach, etc.); to draw (a card, mahjong tile, etc.)
mega-sized portion; mega-sized serving; mega meal
pull; patronage; tug; discount
before oneself; in front of one; a bit before reaching (a location); this side (of a location); one's standpoint; one's appearance; skill
box; case; car (of a train, etc.); shamisen case; shamisen; public building; community building
learning; scholarship; study; study of ...; -ology; -ics
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
unreasonable; unnatural; impossible; forcible; forced; excessive (work, etc.); immoderate
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
difference; variation; difference
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.