hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
fleet (fishing, naval, etc.); convoy; group of ships
head; chief; merit; strong point; superiority; major
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
splendid; fine; praiseworthy; creditable; legal; legitimate
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
father (esp. used in samurai families prior to the Meiji period)
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to throw out one's chest; to be puffed up with pride
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
place; situation; position; location
confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation
by means of; due to; because of; according to
(one's) current position; current location; present position
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
repatriation; return; (electrical) feedback
possible; potential; practicable; feasible
faster-than-light speed; super luminal speed
to be due to; to be caused by; to depend on; to turn on; to be based on; to come from