don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
remind me; I forget; was it?; was that what happened?
example; instance; precedent; custom; habit
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
forest preservation; forestry preservation
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
forcing (plants, vegetables, etc.); artificially hastening the growth of plants (by controlling heat, light, etc.)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
than; rather than; instead of; from; out of; except
to hurry; to rush; to hasten; to make something happen sooner
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
princess; spoiled girl; hothouse flower; glue
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to fit; to get into; to be fit for (a job, etc.); to be suited for; to fall into; to plunge into
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
possibly; apparently; (seem) likely; somehow or other; with difficulty; barely
plant (i.e. equipment, machinery, etc.); plant; vegetation
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
correct answer; right solution; correct interpretation; right decision; right choice; appropriate judgement
sentence-ending particle expressing doubt; sentence-ending particle expressing a rhetorical question
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah