indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
counter for people (usu. seating, reservations and such); first name; famous; great; name; noun
leaf; blade (of grass); (pine) needle
shooting (a ball); shot (on basket, at goal, etc.); shoot (of a tree or plant); chute; shuuto; shootball
counter for houses, households, apartments, etc.
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
adds force or indicates command
educational institution; school; academy; campus
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
goal; basket (basketball); finishing line; Gaul
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
maid cafe; cafe with waitresses dressed in cute maid costumes
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
in that way; thus; so; so?
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
ball; ball (pitch that falls outside of the strike zone); bowl; board (cardboard, pasteboard, etc.)
tail (animal, kite, comet, etc.); tail end; slope at the foot of a mountain
your house; your home; your husband; your organization; you