this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
victory or defeat; match; contest; game
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to challenge to (a fight, game, etc.); to throw down the gauntlet; to tackle (e.g. a problem); to attempt; to pressure (someone) for sex; to make advances to
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
order; command; decree; (software) instruction; statement
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
I; me; oneself; (arch.) you; (arch.) prefix indicating familiarity or contempt
pluralizing suffix; or so; rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc.; nominalizing suffix
intention; wish; purpose; mind (to do)
to enjoy; to take pleasure in; to have a good time; to look forward to
(real) ability; true strength; merit; arms; force
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
rivalry (between two equally strong sides); struggle for supremacy; competing (with); vying (with); contending (with); being an equal match (for)
fellow; mutual; companion; comrade
by means of; due to; because of; according to
just barely; only just; at the very limit; at the last moment
battle; war; fight (against time, poverty, etc.); struggle (for freedom, survival, etc.); contest; competition
feeling of tension; air of tension; tension; nervousness
exaltation; emotional uplift
to keep within limits (e.g. spending); to restrain (e.g. emotions); to control; to hold back (e.g. an enemy); to check; to curb
excitement; stimulation; agitation; arousal
to feel; to sense; to be moved (by); to be touched (by); to become infected with (an illness); to catch
while; during; while; although; all; both
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
any more; anymore; any further; any better; any longer
reason; grounds; pretext; excuse; motive
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
circumstances; condition; arranging; managing; lending money; raising money