to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
grandfather (may be used after name as honorific); male senior-citizen (may be used after name as honorific)
justice; right; righteousness; correct meaning; correct explanation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
suddenly; in a flash; rapidly; attractive; distinguished; showy
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
suddenly; at once; considerably; very much; firmly; with an effort
to clasp; to grasp; to hold (the answer); to have (e.g. the solution); to seize (power); to hold (the reins)
done; just done; just finished
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
goalkeeper; keeper; goalie
technique; art; skill; move
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
saying "Ah!"; making one say "Ah!"; surprisingly; astonishingly
to misfire; to come to naught; to end in failure; to fizzle out; to fall flat
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
to pick up; to find; to gather
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
through; throughout; in the course of; all over or throughout (e.g. a place)
to endure; to keep out (e.g. rain); to pull through; to get over; to surpass; to outdo
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
as one would expect; just as you'd expect (from); still; all the same; even ... (e.g. "even a genius")
to mind (negative nuance); to care about; to worry; to pay undue (amount of) attention to (something)
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
goal; basket (basketball); finishing line; Gaul
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
cover; covering; cover song; cover version; coverage; to compensate for (a loss)
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
challenge; defiance; dare; attempt; try
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
ultimate; final; last; eventual
secret techniques (of an art or skill); inner mysteries; essence; quintessence; heart
to give up; to abandon (hope, plans); to resign oneself (to)