indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
people; citizens; subjects; folk
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
advance notice; previous note; preliminary announcement; trailer (film, TV); preview
point; tip; head (of a line); front; first; before; (the way) ahead
in a temple; inside temple grounds; sub-temple
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
sure; certain; reliable; trustworthy; If I'm not mistaken; If I remember correctly
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
participation; joining; entry; adherence
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to forge; to temper; to drill; to train; to discipline
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
soccer club (at a school); football club
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
match; tournament; interschool match
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
certain; sure; doubtless; I have no doubt; You can depend on it; It's a safe bet