to need; to call for; to require
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
tightly (holding on); firmly; strongly (built); solidly; properly; well
strongly hoping or requesting (of something that is difficult to be brought to fruition)
sacred wine or sake; sake offered to the gods
to scatter; to sprinkle; to distribute (handbills, etc.); to spread (rumours, etc.); to give the slip; to throw off
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
heavy labor; heavy labour; hard work; hard labor (in prison); hard labour
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
pale fiery light seen in the fields and mountains at night; will-o'-the-wisp
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
suffix for familiar person
to disappear (of people or animals); to go (away); to leave; to no longer exist
Eh?; What?; Come on!; Damn!
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
(arch.) youth; (arch.) freshness; good omen; Sweden; Switzerland
company; association; regional Chinese god of the earth (or a village built in its honour); counter for companies, shrines, etc.
smallness; small item; short month (i.e. having fewer than 31 days); elementary school; smaller (of two things, places, etc. with the same name); inferior; younger (of two people with the same name)
seeming; giving the appearance of; giving one the feeling of
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you