letter; missive; note; mail
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
expressly; especially; taking the trouble (to do); intentionally; deliberately
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
direct; immediate; personal; firsthand
to ferry across (e.g. a river); to carry across; to lay across; to build across; to hand over; to hand in
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
indicates concession or compromise; indicates permission
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to borrow; to have a loan; to rent; to hire
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
breaking ball (pitch); curve ball; screwball
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
to return (something); to restore; to turn over; to turn upside down; to pay back; to retaliate; to respond (with)
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
serious; honest; sober; grave; earnest; steady
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
dull; uninteresting; insignificant; unimportant; absurd; foolish
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
network; Internet; net (hair, netball, etc.); net (price, weight, etc.); nett
various; all sorts of; variety of; (arch.) various colors (colours)
to examine; to look up; to investigate; to check up; to sense; to study