information; news; intelligence; information; data contained in characters, signals, code, etc.
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to pull out; to take out; to lead out (e.g. a horse from a stable); to summon (e.g. to court); to withdraw (money); to draw
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
reliance; trust; faith; confidence
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
to tell (somebody) to (do something)
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
aah!; ooh!; oh no!; oh boy!
what the?; what's going on?; what's this?
by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
notebook; copy-book; note; noting down; (musical) note; laptop (computer)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
a lot; lots; enough; sufficient; enough; too many
death; rejection (of a manuscript, etc.); lacking; without
that way; that direction; that (one); that person; there; over there
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
revolution; 58th year of the sexagenary cycle (in Onmyōdō)
last night; the previous night; night before (Christmas, etc.); eve (of festival, major event, etc.)
back country; remote countryside
violence; oppression; high-handedness; tyranny; despotism