understood; I see; OK; present; here
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
midterm (mid-semester) test or exam
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
result; consequence; coming to fruition; bearing fruit; as a result; consequently
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to return (something); to restore; to turn over; to turn upside down; to pay back; to retaliate; to respond (with)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
failing mark (e.g. in exam)
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
supplementary examination
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
how; in what way; how about
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
simple; easy; uncomplicated; brief; quick; light
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
dirty; filthy; disordered; messy; indecent (language, etc.); dirty
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
study; diligence; discount; reduction
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
offer; tender; providing; sponsoring (a TV program)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
complaint; grumbling; objection; phrase; words; expression
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to stray from the right path; to go wrong; to go off the rails; to turn delinquent
living by oneself; living alone
envious; jealous; enviable (position, etc.)
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
secret; secrecy; mystery; secret (e.g. to success); esoteric teachings
headquarters; head office; main office
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
there's no (other) way; cannot be helped; unavoidable; it's no use (doing); pointless; hopeless (person)