indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
name; given name; first name
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to suffer; to groan; to be worried
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
to pull out; to draw out; to omit; to leave out; to do to the end; to carry through; to let out (e.g. air from a tyre)
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
mission; errand; task; duty; obligation
announcement of time; time signal; news report; newsletter
hour; o'clock; (specified) time; when ...; during ...
pawn (chess piece); boing; sproing (e.g. sound of releasing a spring); flipping through the air; tossing
advance notice; previous note; preliminary announcement; trailer (film, TV); preview
time; hour; period; class
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
adds force or indicates command
possibly; apparently; (seem) likely; somehow or other; with difficulty; barely
gem; jewel; precious stone
safety; security; safely; without incident; good health; inaction
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
defense; defence; guard; policing; security
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
trouble (I have put you through); (your) hard work; thank you for your hard work; I appreciate your efforts
you (people); gentlemen; ladies and gentlemen; my friends
next; following; subsequent; stage; station