suffix for familiar person
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
training; practice; discipline; ascetic practices
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to visit; to call on; to arrive (of a season, situation, etc.); to come; to appear
deep in the mountains; mountain recesses
Shugendō practitioner; mountain ascetic; Shugendō
place; spot; grounds; arena; stadium; range
cherry tree in leaf; cherry tree whose blossoms have fallen, revealing the young leaves
house of parliament (congress, diet, etc.); graduate school; postgraduate school; institution (often medical); institutional building; sub-temple; minor temple building
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
author; writer; novelist; artist
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
grounds (esp. of shrines and temples); compound; churchyard; precincts
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
at that time; at that moment; then; on that occasion
medium (size); average (grade, level, etc.); in; within; during; while; currently (doing)
lightning strike; lightning bolt
by means of; due to; because of; according to
isolated place; out-of-the-way place; remote part of the land
inner sanctuary; inner shrine; sanctum sanctorum; holy of holies; place behind main hall of a temple enshrining temple founder, miraculous Buddhas, hidden statues, etc.
to lock up; to shut up; to imprison
assistance; help; aid; support; reinforcement
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
I; me; you; (arch.) manservant
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from ... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that ...; trying to ...
arrest; apprehension; capture
iris (flower); Siberian iris (Iris sanguinea); (arch.) sweet flag (Acorus calamus); (arch.) calamus
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article)
by the way; in this connection; incidentally; in passing