indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
older sister; lass; young lady
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
blue (colour, color); sad; down (in the dumps)
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
love; affection; attachment; craving; agape; Ireland
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
happiness; good fortune; luck; blessing
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
phantom; vision; illusion; extremely rare item
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up