look!; see!; here!; there!; hey!
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
luggage; baggage; burden; payload (of a packet, cell, etc.)
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
coach; coaching; training
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to disappear; to vanish; to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope); to go away (e.g. of a smell, itchiness, sleepiness)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
he; she; that guy; that; that one; that thing
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to come to meet (someone); to come to pick up
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
name; given name; first name
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
true; real; genuine; proper; utter
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to aim at (with a weapon, etc.); to be after (something or someone); to have an eye on; to aim for; to set up as a goal
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
grandfather; male senior-citizen
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
lower back; waist; hips; body (of hair, noodles, paper, etc.); resilience; spring
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article)
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
pirozhki (small Russian pastries filled with meat, vegetables, etc.); piroshki
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust
katsudon; pork cutlet served on top of a bowl of rice
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
the other day; lately; recently; meanwhile; in the meantime
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...