today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
feature (e.g. newspaper); special edition; report
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
once; one time; temporarily; for a moment; one degree; one tone
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
skillful; skilful; delicious; appetizing; fortunate; splendid
slowly; quietly; steadily; soon; momentarily; before long
you (when referring to one's equals or inferiors)
to go out (e.g. on an excursion or outing); to leave; to depart; to be about to leave; to be just going out
time; hour; period; class
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
in a daze; absent-mindedly; dimly; hazily; with a roar (of flames); with a whoosh
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
how; in what way; how about
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
now; the present time; just now; another; more
topic; subject; much talked about; topical; in the news
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
piping hot; scalding; madly in love; passionately in love
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
mouthful; morsel; gulp; sip; one word; in short
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
mouth; opening; hole; mouth (of a bottle); spout; gate; door
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
amount necessary to fill a container (e.g. cupful, spoonful, etc.); drink (usu. alcoholic); full; one squid, octopus, crab, etc.; one boat; fully; to capacity
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
cheese; tee (piping); T-joint; cheese (said when taking a photograph)
aroma; fragrance; scent; smell
to spread (out); to extend; to stretch; to reach to; to get around; to fill (e.g. a space)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
(getting) late; about time; good time (for doing something); good timing