indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
soccer; (association) football; seersucker
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to throw; to fling; to hurl; to neglect; to abandon; to leave alone
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
Izumi (former province located in the southwest of present-day Osaka Prefecture)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
school inter-class ball-game competition
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
now that; since; so long as; because
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
injury; wound; mistake; accident; loss
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
particularly; especially; in particular; expressly
to be careful; to pay attention; to take care
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust
a-ha-ha (laughing loudly)
minute (unit of time); fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience