to close (e.g. book, eyes, meeting, etc.); to shut
light; illumination; glow; lamp; light
to perceive; to sense; to understand; to comprehend; to attain enlightenment
storey; story; stairs; stage (in chronostratigraphy); counter for storeys and floors of a building
multi-floor building; multi-storey building; bill
to thrust down; to push off
purpose; goal; aim; objective; intention
brittle; fragile; weak; tender-hearted; sentimental; easily moved
surname; family name; last name
pitiful; unfortunate; poor; unpardonable; regrettable
manuscript; copy; draft; notes; contribution
without permission; without notice
achievements; actual results; accomplishments; past results; track record
important; momentous; essential; principal; major
to achieve results; to be successful (in a venture, etc.)
amount sold; sales; proceeds; takings; turnover
truth; reality; truly; really; absolute truth
turn (in line); order of things; sequential order
presentiment; premonition; hunch; to have a premonition; to have a hunch
association; society; organization; organisation
next (e.g. "next April"); forthcoming; coming; to come; to arrive; to be due to
prefectural; managed by a prefectural government
second-year student; biennial
graded on N steps; scored out of N
national language; Japanese language (often as a school subject in Japan); native Japanese words (as opposed to loanwords)
to shave (wood, leather, etc.); to sharpen (e.g. pencil); to cut down (budget, expenses, staff, time, etc.); to curtail; to delete; to erase
municipal office; council; city hall
news coverage; collecting data (e.g. for an article); covering (something for media); interview
life; living; I; me; student
reason; significance; cause; piece of information that one has heard; I hear that ...; it is said that ...
ratio; proportion; match; equal; explicit comparison (style of the Shi Jing); Philippines
direct; immediate; personal; firsthand