indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
odour; odor; scent; aura; whiff; smacks of ...
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
flavor; flavour; charm; appeal; experience; taste (e.g. of victory)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
all; entire; whole; altogether
enough; sufficient; sufficiently; fully; division into ten
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
oh!; ah!; oh dear!; good grief!; dear me!; thank God!
at last; finally; barely; narrowly; just
highway (esp. one existing from the Edo period); main road; highway (e.g. to success); path (to becoming ...); subdistrict (in China)
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
hey there; I say; see here
insect; bug; worm; roundworm; one's emotions; one's feelings; nervousness
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
now; the present time; just now; another; more
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it?
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
somehow or other; for some reason or another; without knowing why
phew; whew; huff; whoo; wohoo
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour