indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
book; volume; this; present; main; head; real
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to pronounce; to read (e.g. a kanji)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
classroom; lecture room; department (in a university); class; lessons; school (for a particular discipline)
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
continuously; the whole time; much (more); (by) far; far (away); long (ago, before, after)
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
a little; a bit; a little while; a short time; a little way; a short distance
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to finish reading; to read through
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
idiot; moron; stupid; foolish; trivial; insignificant; malfunctioning
to be effective; to take effect; to work; to function well; to be possible (to do, use, etc.); to be able to
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
to set up (a house, store, etc.); to build; to have at the ready (e.g. a gun); to hold in preparation (e.g. a camera); to adopt a posture; to assume a stance; to put on an air
really; truly; indeed; good grief
on purpose; deliberately; intentionally
leaving as is; leaving alone; leaving unattended; neglecting; abandoning
good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
painful; difficult; distressing; (psychologically) difficult; straitened (circumstances); tight (financial situation)
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to play (games, sports); to enjoy oneself; to mess about (with alcohol, gambling, philandery, etc.); to be idle; to do nothing; to meet up (with friends); to hang out
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
sobbing; weeping; whimpering
sympathy; compassion; pity
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to buy; to purchase; to value (highly); to think highly of; to incur (someone's anger, displeasure, etc.); to elicit (e.g. sneers)
tactics; strategy; military operation; naval operation