right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
father; dad; husband; you (of an elderly person older than the speaker); he
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
promise; agreement; appointment; engagement; convention; rule
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
mother; mom; wife; you (of an elderly person older than the speaker); she
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
deadline; closing; closing (a door, window, etc.); cofferdam
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
near; close; close (in time); soon; close (relationship); friendly
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to shut oneself in (e.g. one's room); to be confined in; to fill with (emotion, enthusiasm, power, etc.); to imbue with; to fill a space (of a gas, smell, etc.); to be heavy with (e.g. smoke); to be muffled (e.g. of a voice)
intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
mouth; opening; hole; mouth (of a bottle); spout; gate; door
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
thank you (for the meal); that was a delicious meal; thank you (for displaying lovey-dovey behaviour)
to differ (from); to be different; to be wrong; to be incorrect; to become abnormal; to go wrong
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
area; vicinity; side; edge; circumstances
alternating current; AC; analogue computer (analog); average cost; adult child
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
correct answer; right solution; correct interpretation; right decision; right choice; appropriate judgement
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
to receive; to take; to get someone to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch