photograph; photo; picture; moving picture; movie
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
contents; content; substance; matter; detail; import
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
understanding; comprehension; appreciation; sympathy
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to catch up (with); to draw level; to pull even; to be compensated; to make up for one's losses
such ... as; or some such
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
even a little; any at all; if only a little; no matter how little
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
doubt; question; uncertainty; skepticism; scepticism; suspicion
sign; indication; omen; symptom
fear; dread; fright; terror; trepidation; panic
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
hostility; animosity; enmity
embodiment; manifestation; materialization; materialisation; expression; indication
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
to hold out; to extend (e.g. a hand); to present; to submit; to sacrifice; to give (up)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
which; where; all; both; anyway; anyhow
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
clothes (esp. Western clothes); clothing; dress; counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, puffs of a cigarette, etc.
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
possibly; apparently; (seem) likely; somehow or other; with difficulty; barely
(distant) future; future existence; world beyond the grave; future (tense)
foresight; foreknowledge; intimation; premonition; prediction
reason; cause; meaning; sense; (good) sense; reason
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to show; to display; to make (something or someone) look ...; to present an appearance of ...; to make (something) worth watching; to be entertaining; to have (something) looked at (by a specialist)