now; the present time; just now; another; more
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
first; foremost; most important; best; greatest; above all
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
town area; urban area; metropolitan area; built-up area
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
material (for a story, article, etc.); information; joke; jest; proof; evidence; (magician's) trick
to break; to be smashed; to split; to crack; to be divided (opinion, vote, etc.); to split (e.g. of a party); to come to light
shot; charge; blow; punch; home run; try
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
victory or defeat; match; contest; game
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
to bring down (an animal, opponent, etc.); to kill; to shoot dead; to shoot down
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
nevertheless; at any rate; even so; all things considered; be that as it may
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
measure; step; countermeasure; counterplan; countermove; strategy
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
another; different; something else
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to feel; to sense; to experience
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
latest; newest; late-breaking (news)
to be somewhat different (from before, from others, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
black; dark; blackish; suspicious; criminal; darkened and dirty; sooty
union; unity; bundling; binding; (arch.) putting on (clothes, armour, etc.)
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)