yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
just as one thought; as usual; sure enough
stupid; meaningless; worthless; hopeless (person, situation); beyond help; beyond saving
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
there's no (other) way; cannot be helped; unavoidable; it's no use (doing); pointless; hopeless (person)
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
individual; separate; personal; case-by-case
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
subject; theme; homework; assignment; task; challenge
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
first (of all); firstly; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
summer vacation; summer holiday
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
full of (e.g. mistakes); riddled with; covered all over with (blood, mud, etc.)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
now; the present time; just now; another; more
small; little; slight; below average (in degree, amount, etc.); low (e.g. sound); soft (e.g. voice)
goal; target; aim; mark; sign; landmark
with the exception of; excepting; excluding