indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
a short time ago; a while ago; for some time
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
reindeer (Rangifer tarandus)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
one large animal (horses, cattle, etc.); head (of cattle)
to deliver; to forward; to send; to report; to notify; to file notice (to the authorities)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
second lieutenant; sublieutenant; ensign
please (give me); please (do for me)
decorative curtain hung from the ceiling; tent; pavilion; marquee
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to be absent; to take a day off; to rest; to have a break; to go to bed; to (lie down to) sleep
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
small; little; slight; below average (in degree, amount, etc.); low (e.g. sound); soft (e.g. voice)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
(animal) collar; necklace; choker
to attach; to join; to furnish (a house with); to wear; to put on; to keep a diary; to make an entry
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
how; in what way; how about
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
really; truly; indeed; good grief
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
disagreeableness; unpleasantness; nastiness; cutting remark; disagreeable remark; snide comment
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
sub-; -ous (indicating a low oxidation state); -ite; Asia; Argentina; Arabia; America