ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
painful; sore; cringy; embarrassing; exceeding
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
to bawl; to cry; to scream
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
readiness; preparedness; resolution; resignation
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
youngster; boy; young Buddhist monk; young bonze; young shop-boy; errand boy
first-person plural (or singular); second or third person plural (implies speaker is of higher status than those referred to)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
dotage; feeble-minded old man; senile old fool; dotard
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
survival; survivor; relic
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
oh!; ah!; oh dear!; good grief!; dear me!; thank God!
originally; by nature; from the start
inn town; post town; post-station town
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
mud; slush; (wet) dirt; thief
a family; a household; (one's own) style; school; gang; (yakuza) family
to partition; to divide; to direct; to manage; to settle accounts; to assume a crouching posture (at the start of a bout)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
henchman; follower; (arch.) adopted child
Kyūju era (1154.10.28-1156.4.27)
horse; horse racing; promoted bishop
good fortune (esp. omikuji fortune-telling result); good luck; auspiciousness; unspecified day of the month (used to obscure the date a letter, invitation, etc. was written)
the Horse (seventh sign of the Chinese zodiac); hour of the Horse (around noon, 11am-1pm, or 12 noon-2pm); south; fifth month of the lunar calendar
base (military, expedition, etc.)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
near; neighbourhood; nearly (e.g. "it took nearly one year"); close to; shortly; soon
another; one more; not quite; not very good; lacking
gambling den; gambling house
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen