this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
being in charge (of an area of responsibility); being responsible (for a work role, etc.)
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
myself; yourself; I; me; you
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
just because; even if; even though
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
(not) particularly; (not) especially; (not) specially; separately; apart; additionally
and yet; though; when; in spite of
tune; tone; vein; mood; condition; state of health
to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to get on (e.g. a footstool); to step on; to reach; to go over; to follow
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to blow (of the wind); to blow (one's breath); to breathe out; to play (a wind instrument); to blow (a whistle, trumpet, etc.); to emit (smoke, fire, etc.); to spout
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
not less than; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; above-mentioned; aforementioned
student in a higher grade; upperclassman
to fall down; to drop; to be omitted; to be missing; to decrease; to sink; to fail (e.g. exam or class)
student in a lower grade; underclassman
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
(not) ever; (not) by any means; (not) in the least; (not) in any way; (not) at all