indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
bridge building; bridge; cross-linking
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
candidate; contender; prospect; candidacy; candidature; nomination
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
happiness; good fortune; luck; blessing
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
wing; Chinese "Wings" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); (arch.) counter for birds or bird wings
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
suffix for familiar person
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
red; crimson; red-containing colour (e.g. brown, pink, orange); Red (i.e. communist); red light (traffic); red ink (i.e. in finance or proof-reading); (in) the red
to ill-treat; to bully; to torment; to be tough on (e.g. one's body); to treat harshly
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
in that way; thus; so; so?
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience