bird; bird meat (esp. chicken meat); fowl; poultry
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
chirp; twitter; warble; whale tongue
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
spring; springtime; New Year; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); adolescence
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
next (e.g. "next April"); forthcoming; coming; to come; to arrive; to be due to
feeling; sense; impression
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
junior (at work, school, etc.); younger people; younger student
please remember me; please help me; please treat me well; please do; please take care of
university; college; former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators); the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
in the first place; to begin with; after all; anyway; beginning; start
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
senior high school; high school
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to that extent; to that degree; so much; so
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
in that way; thus; so; so?
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine