indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
stand; rack; support; holder; counter for machines, incl. vehicles; setting (e.g. in jewellery); level (e.g. price level)
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee
convenient; handy; useful
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
(your) business; (your) concern; (customer's) order; official business (of the government, Imperial Court, etc.); arrest; capture
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
matter; affair; counter for (received) emails, text messages, voicemail messages, etc.; counter for accounts (on a website, email service, etc.)
thanks; gratitude; manners; etiquette; bow; reward
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates uncertainty or second hand nature of information quoted
how long; how far; how much
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
interrogative sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
minute (unit of time); fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
I see; that's right; indeed
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
meddling; interfering; choosing to keep the drawn tile and discarding a different one
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
horse; horse racing; promoted bishop
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
to manage skillfully; to manoeuvre (e.g. car, horse); to maneuver
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
what the?; what's that?; what are you doing?; what's going on?
vehicle; conveyance; transport; ride (playground, fair, carnival); playground facility
strange; odd; peculiar; queer; curious
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
difficult; hard; impossible; unfeasible; fussy; particular; gloomy
next; following; subsequent; stage; station