cold (e.g. weather); uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
anyhow; at any rate; anyway; somehow or other; generally speaking; in any case
layering (clothing); wearing one garment over another
to turn up; to roll up (e.g. sleeves); to do over and over again; to do relentlessly; to stage a comeback (against) (in mahjong, horse racing, etc.); to come from behind
to be able to manage somehow or another
hot; warm; passionate; impassioned; on everybody's mind; on the radar
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to take off (clothes, shoes, etc.); to undress
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
then; and then; and; if so; because then; if that's the case
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
(swimming) pool; pool (billiards); pool (together)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
one more time; once more; once again
to throw; to hurl; to give up; to abandon; to cast (a glance, shadow, doubt, etc.)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
what did you just say (to me)?; what's that?
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
unusual; rare; new; novel; fine (e.g. gift)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to greet; to call out (to); to invite; to get in touch (with); to cheer (on); to give vocal support (to)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be surprised; to be astonished
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily