today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go to and from (a place); to go back and forth between; to go to (school, work, etc.); to attend; to circulate (e.g. blood, electricity); to be communicated (e.g. thought)
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
How do you do?; I am glad to meet you
(somebody else's) parents; both parents
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to ask; to inquire; to implore (a god for an oracle); to seek direction (from your superior); to visit; to speak to (a large crowd at a theatre, etc.)
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
on the way; en route; in the middle of; midway; halfway
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
supermarket; subtitles; telop; superheterodyne; super
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
neighbourhood; neighborhood
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
variety; kind; type; counter for kinds, species, etc.
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
(husband and wife) both working; dual income
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
simple; easy; uncomplicated; brief; quick; light
honorific/polite/humble prefix
cooking; cookery; cuisine; dealing with something; handling; administration
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
this time; now; next time; another time; recently; lately
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
even; (if) only; just; besides; on top of that
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial