humus; leaf mold; leaf mould; mulch
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
lightly (floating, drifting, etc.); buoyantly; soft; fluffy; unsteadily; flightily
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
smell; scent; aura; whiff; faint, mist-like pattern along the temper line of a Japanese sword
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
to make a speech; to address
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
assistance; help; aid; support; reinforcement
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
readiness; (mental) preparedness; resolution; determination; resignation (to one's fate)
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
as (it is); remaining (in a state); with (e.g. one's eyes closed, the light on); while (e.g. standing, alive); as (one pleases, one is told, etc.); according to
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
tension; strain; tensions (between countries, groups, etc.); tonus; muscle tone
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
entomophagy; insect eating
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
interest (in something); curiosity (about something); zest (for)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
near; close; close (in time); soon; close (relationship); friendly
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
to avoid (physical contact with); to avoid (situation); to evade (question, subject); to ward off; to avert; to put aside
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be conceited; to be stuck up; to be full of oneself; to be cocky