(one's) older brother; lad; sonny
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
name; given name; first name
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
number; number plate; license plate
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
laboratory testing bench; laboratory table; subject of an experiment; (human) guinea pig
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
painful; sore; cringy; embarrassing; exceeding
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
indicates the target of an activity; -ee (e.g. employee, examinee, trustee)
specimen; sample; object to be examined
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
very young; little; childish; immature
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
any more; any further; any better; any longer
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
then; and then; and; if so; because then; if that's the case
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
to manufacture; to produce; to raise (crops); to invent; to dream up; to create
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
euphoric; happy; buoyant; bouncy
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be tied together; to be connected to; to lead to; to be related to; to be related (by blood)
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
human being; human; person; character (of a person)