loyalty; devotion; fidelity; inspector of the Imperial Prosecuting and Investigating Office (ritsuryo system)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
grunt; grumble; pimples; spots; cutting into small pieces; simmering
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
to be needed; to be wanted
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
to forge; to temper; to drill; to train; to discipline
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
bag; satchel; briefcase; basket
charge; duty; person in charge; connection; linking
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to cry; to weep; to sob; to howl
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
he; she; this; this one; Hey, you!; You bastard!
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
pupil in ... year; student in ... year
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
wrong; different; not like that
set of three; three sets; three classes
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
unattractive; ugly; unstylish; uncool
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
glasses; eyeglasses; spectacles; judgment; judgement; discrimination
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to include (in a group or scope); to instruct; to make one understand; to include (a nuance); to put in (an implication); to put in (someone's) mouth
in that way; thus; so; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise