indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
past; after; too (much); over- (e.g. eating)
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
girl; daughter; baby girl; young woman
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
cute; adorable; dear; precious; innocent; childlike
system; lineage; corollary; system (range of strata that correspond to a particular time period); (taxonomical) series
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
frustrated (over a failure, humiliation or injustice); annoyed; chagrined; (bitterly) disappointed; bitter; vexed
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
don't you think?; indicates question
excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
please (give me); please (do for me)
dangerous; risky; in danger; in jeopardy; uncertain; unreliable
honorific/polite/humble prefix
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to lose (a chance); to miss (a chance); to overlook; to omit; to deviate; to depart from (the norm, etc.)
promptly; immediately; quickly; indifferently
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
adds force or indicates command
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
blue; azure; green; green light (traffic); black (horse coat color); blue 5-point card; immature
castle (in place names); castle; fortress
that sort of; that kind of; like that; such; so
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
particle indicating that the speaker is trying to recall some information
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
request; favour (to ask); wish; please
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health